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Background/Objective: Stress is one of the serious issues that affect university student's life, its effects could be reflected in student social, academical, and mental health, thus this study is to Assess E-learning stress and coping strategies among nursing students at Al-Baha university during Pandemic COVID-19. Method(s): A descriptive cross-sectional study has been utilized in this study. It was conducted at Nursing Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected from 15th February to 24th March using a convenience sampling technique to select participants. A Stress Likert Scale was adopted from Smith et al., (2014) [9]. It used (29) items questionnaire to gather information regarding stress and Stress-Coping Scale which was adopted from Malik and Javed (2021) [10], consisted of 8 items which scaled. The tools were validated before collecting the required data. The data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. Result(s): Among 110 male and female nursing students at Albaha University, the study showed that nursing students have moderate stress (30%) to high stress (22%) related to contributing factors of E-learning (35% as very stressful and 21% quite stressful), psychosocial stressors related to E-learning (12% as very stressful and 30% quite stressful), physiological stressors related to E-learning (20.67% as very stressful and 29.11% quite stressful). The used coping strategies to face stressors were taking mind off by doing something (74%), getting help from lecturer (66%), getting help from friend (60%), physical activity (54%), taking action (50%) and giving up attempts and praying (48%). The findings also showed that female nursing students have significantly higher stress compared to male students (p-value 0.03) and rural residence significantly increase stress level compared to urban residence (p-value 0.04). Conclusion(s): Nursing students have moderate to high stress, the contributing factors related to E-learning are psychosocial stressors, and physiological stressors.The students took mind off by doing something getting help from lecturer or friend, physical activity, taking action or giving up attempts or praying as coping strategies. Copyright © 2022, Bahrain Medical Bulletin. All rights reserved.
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Objectives: Adolescents are vulnerable populations at risk for mental health disorders due to physical, social, and educational transitions and need to be assessed seriously, especially after the recent COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to understand and identify irritability at a preschool age as a predictor of developing psychopathology later in adolescence. Method(s): A literature search was conducted using relevant Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords in PubMed, MEDLINE, and PubMed Central databases. We identified all relevant published articles from inception until March 31, 2021. Out of 99 studies applied, 19 studies were chosen for full-text review when inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. After a full-text review, we included 6 relevant studies in our final qualitative synthesis review. Result(s): The results of the studies showed an association between preschool irritability and mental health outcomes later in life. A 2019 study showed that irritability in preschoolers predicted later diagnosis of mood and externalizing disorders when controlled for social adversity, maternal history of mood disorders, and externalizing diagnoses at baseline. Irritability early in childhood predicted mania later in life (OR = 1.99;95% CI, 1.19-3.37;p =.009), and the OR of later being diagnosed with depression was 3.11 (95% CI, 1.32-3.27;p =.002) for each point increase in irritability factor score. Results further indicated that high stable irritability in early childhood is a predictor of irritability at age 12 (r =.35;p <.001). A 2021 study reproduced the results showing that preschool irritability predicted internalizing and externalizing comorbidity (OR = 1.67;95% CI, 1.22-2.28;p =.001). Conclusion(s): The findings show that irritability in preschool children is a predictor of internalizing, externalizing, and other behaviors later in life. It indicates an association between preschool irritability and psychopathology later in adolescence. A large-scale well-structured randomized controlled trial is recommended to unearth the potential benefit of identifying irritability in early life. ADOL, IMD, PSC Copyright © 2022
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Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic residents of the central region of Hungary also had to adapt to several challenges such as changes of hospitals' specialty profiles and delegation of health care workers to COVID wards. Hungarian residents have their practical training in various hospitals, while their psychiatric academic training is organised in groups. Objective(s): Our aim is to share our personal experiences about how our work and training have changed during the pandemic and it's effect on our patients. Method(s): Participants of the study were the authors of the poster. Responses to open questions were structured based on the following topics: competencies in internal medicine, infectious diseases and psychiatry, our collaboration with other medical disciplines, psychiatric training and attitudes towards mental health patients. Result(s): We worked min 2 weeks max 8 months at COVID wards and also treated COVID-19 infected psychiatric patients, thus gaining a greater experience in general medicine. In psychiatric work, acute care became prominent, communication in PPE and restricted contact with patients' relatives were particularly difficult. Our relationship with other specialists has improved, consultation became easier. Increased use and misuse of psychiatric consultation requests led to further pressure. Restrictions, stigmatisation and discrimination increased against psychiatric patients, including difficult access to care. Psychiatric training in the hospitals became limited, however seminars organized by the university continued online with our active participation. Conclusion(s): During the pandemic we gained greater experience in general medicine. Psychiatric care and our training was negatively affected, however the latter was mitigated by online seminars.
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Introduction: Bipolar disorder or manic-depressive illness is a mental disorder which consists of abnormal and long-lasting changes in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic restrictions precipitate the condition of those with bipolar affective disorder. Objective(s): We searched for significant differences before and during the pandemic by analyzing socio-demographic data. Method(s): We carried out a research activity at the I Psychiatry Clinic of the Clinical Hospital of Neuropsychiatry Craiova. We formed two groups of hospitalized patients during 2019 and during 2020, when the pandemic broke out. The inclusion criterion was the presence of bipolar affective disorder as a primary diagnosis. Result(s): The number of cases and the total number of hospitalization days was higher during the pandemic, 101 cases versus 94 cases, 1667 days versus 1184 days. We identified a predominance of females during the pandemic, whereas in the previous year the distribution by sex was approximately equal. Regarding environment, the number of patients from urban and rural areas was approximately equal in 2019, while during the pandemic those in urban areas predominated, possibly due to easier access to psychiatric services. The ages of patients maintained a Gaussian distribution with a concentration of cases between 35-55 years. Conclusion(s): While other psychiatric disorders were less present in the clinic during the pandemic, the number of bipolar affective disorder cases increased. Bipolar affective disorder is a major challenge due to the wide range of symptoms which cross with comorbidities that increase the likelihood of a SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Introduction:As a reaction to growing number of COVID-19 cases in Quebec, the government issued a lockdown to prevent further spread of the virus in March 2020. The novelty of the imposed restrictions warranted an assessment of adult coping and potential effects on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Objective(s): The purpose of the present study was to evaluate methods of coping employed during Quebec's lockdown and their potential ramifications on anxiety and depressive symptoms postlockdown in Quebec. Method(s): In a retrospective longitudinal design, two-hundred and twenty-three (n = 223) adults (65.5% female;34.5% male) completed the study online. They were asked to fill out several questionnaires and provide demographic information. Result(s): Analysis revealed significant improvement in anxiety symptoms post-lockdown relative to during lockdown across the entire sample. Depressive symptoms also improved significantly across the sample, but the difference was less pronounced among 18-34-year-olds than those 35 and above. Male adults aged 18-34 utilized maladaptive coping strategies to the greatest extent. Moreover, maladaptive coping was significantly associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms and predicted depressive symptoms post-lockdown. Further investigation revealed that young adult males differed from females in their use of substances and selfblame to cope. Conclusion(s): Overall, the data suggest that the lockdown adversely affected anxiety and depressive symptoms among the general population. Furthermore, young adults, particularly males, were most susceptible to depressive symptomatology due in part to their methods of coping with the novel context. A follow-up study is warranted. Future studies should also seek to recruit individuals whose self-identified gender is non-traditional (e.g., non-binary).
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Introduction * Poor sleep quality among college students is a global problem. Chinese college students were required to home quarantine, social distance and participate in online learning during the COVID-19 epidemic. This study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of college students during the epidemic and identify the factors related to poor sleep quality. Methods · Study participants completed an online survey that included questionnaires about sleep symptoms and lifestyle during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study participants included 3416 college students (mean age 20.4 ± 1.8 years). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measure sleep quality, and a PSQI score >7 was defined as poor sleep quality. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors related to sleep quality. Results · The percentage of college students with poor sleep quality was 15.97 % in southern Anhui province during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of the students were female (67.4%) and most were from urban areas (53.9%). Single-parent (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.39;95% CI, 1.02-1.89) domestic violence incidents ≥5×/yr (aOR, 3.68;95% CI, 1.70 to 7.96), nap time >4 hr/d (aOR, 1.90;95% CI, 25-2.90) were significantly associated with poor sleep quality. While knowledge of COVID-19 was prevalent (aOR, 0.71;95% CI, 0.53 to 0.96) light exercise >1 hour/day (aOR, 0.47;95% CI, 0.28 to 0.78), parent-accompanied exercise >3×/wk (aOR, 0.59;95% CI, 0.38 to 0.90) were protective factors against poor sleep quality. Conclusions · The present study found that college students in single-parent families and students who had experienced domestic violence had a high risk of poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. College students who were familiar with COVID-19 and had light exercise habits or parent-accompanied exercise habits had better sleep quality. At the time of writing, COVID-19 was still pandemic worldwide, so targeted sleep health interventions must be established to actively guide college students' healthy living habits. In addition, the sleep disorders and other health problems that may occur in college students should be dealt with in advance, and should be part of the routine work of global disease prevention.